Hello ale2271,

If the hepatocellular carcinoma has been fully treated with radioembolisation then this should be cured. Your mother will continue to have a 3-5% annual risk of a new tumour so will require regular review but this is manageable.

Depending on your mother’s genotype the Epclusa has a 90-95% chance of delivering cure. This allows some degree of recovery of the liver. Not back to 100% but if you think about it, your mother is alive now with her current liver status, so any improvement will make her quality of life better than it is right now.

The basic approach to liver cirrhosis is to stop the damage. Hep C is one cause and this is being dealt with so we are heading in the right direction. Alcohol should be avoided at the moment as this adds to the problem.

A good diet with a variety of food is fine for cirrhosis and for health in general. Please don’t stress about this too much.

Often people with cirrhosis will be on medications like furosemide and spironolactone (diuretics), lactulose (normal a laxative but used to help remove toxins), and rifaximin – an antibiotic to prevent spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.

There is a brief outline of this at the Mayo Clinic here: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cirrhosis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351492

There is a much more detailed one here: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4017060/

Hello ale2271,

Sadly not all doctors have seen the dramatic improvements that occur in patients when treated for Hepatitis C with the new medications. The vast majority of patients who are treated show significant improvements.

With your questions:

1) No stem cells are unlikely to help. The liver has lots of liver stems cells in it already – given the chance repair will start from these stem cells. In fact, cirrhosis is just where the repair process driven by liver stem cells can not keep up with the damage so instead of new liver we get scar tissue.

2) Provided normal quantities of protein are eaten (meat, chicken, fish, milk cheese) ie not vegetarian there should be enough protein building blocks to make albumin. If albumin is low this is because liver is not working well at making albumin AND the albumin is diluted by extra fluid (which can be removed by diuretics mentioned earlier)

3) This is good news. Early-stage is expected to get much better with treatment. The reason is this:

a) Cirrhosis is 2 different things. First it is bands of fibrous tissue like a 3-dimensional net like mesh. Second, “trapped” in this mesh are swollen liver cells.
b) When we treat the cause of the liver problem, the swollen cells un-swell so despite the fact the fibrous mesh remains we see much better flow though the liver
c) Over time the fibrous mesh is know to regress = repair

So it is entirely possible that

1) Cancer will be cured, and if a new cancer happens we can cure it again
2) Liver function will improve
3) So, your mother will not die of this problem and may live for many more years before some other different problem crops up (we all must die one day of something)

We should treat because then we know we have done our best. Sometimes our best is good enough, sometimes it is not, but if it is not, I think it is important to know we tried our best.

While stem cells are both unproven and (to me) a complete waste of time (because the liver contains lots of liver stem cells) liver transplants can be, and are used. With so many patients now being cured the demand for liver transplants is at a historic low so they are more available.

Hello ale2271,

Thank you for your kind words. The liver biopsy is typical for early cirrhosis. Of course the cancer is not good but that has been treated so we don’t need to worry about that one, just the 3% per year chance of getting another. That we monitor with regular ultrasound.

There is plenty of cause for hope that you mother will be cured.

1. any site with a list of high protein food?

I’m sure there are heaps but it’s pretty simple.

1. Any form of meat (beef, pork, goat, chicken, turkey, fish) is about 25% protein
2. Full cream milk is about 1/3 1/3 1/3 protein, fat, carbohydrate with low fat varieties being ~ 50:50 protein/carb but only about 4% protein by volume. Milk products like cheese are much higher protein.
3. Eggs are about 6g of protein per egg and you can boost the protein without adding extra fat by mixing 1 whole egg with 1-2 egg whites – still looks, smells and tastes like egg
4. Beans, soy, and lentils are the highest protein vegetables with about 1/3 protein to 2/3 carbs
5. Nuts are mostly 20-25% protein but also 50% fat so very energy dense
6. Grains are about 10% protein and 70% carb

While there are all sorts of protein supplements they are usually modified skim milk or soy and heavily processed. I like food that looks pretty close to where/what it came from. We were eating stuff long before we had factories processing stuff so it is more natural.

2. my mother is around half of the treatment, when (if it happens) does the liver can start to heal and the cirrosis get better (if it does)

If your mother’s liver function has been tested you will almost certainly see improvements in the ALT and AST enzymes that get released when liver cells are damaged and die.

3. she is just on Epclusa, treatment for 24 months, as I read, when you have cirrosis, doctors prescribe another medicine at the same time… why ?

Cirrhosis goes from very mild to very bad. When it is mild no extra treatment is required. When it is bad we prescribe things like Diuretics (Furosemide and Spironolactone) to reduce fluid build up, Lactulose to remove toxins, Antibiotics (Rifamycin) to prevent spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.

4. can lymphatic drainage massage help her liquid retention?

No. Diuretics are probably the best option.

5. can Epclusa give extreme tiredness for all the treatment or can it just be her liver not working well?

Yes, some people do get tired on treatment. This is usually worst at the beginning when all the viral killing is going on. Most people have more energy, but some people remain tired until the pills finish.

With some people with cirrhosis we see that they get a little worse (at the start) before they start to get better. The CBC, CMP, AFP, and INR blood tests are useful in assessing what is going on.

Vitamin B12 may help with the tiredness and will certainly cause no harm. This can be as a single injection but the tablets in the pharmacy will work just fine.

Hello ale2271,

The hypothyroidism will not be helping. It causes fluid retention independently of liver disease.

Cirrhosis does not cause a problem with thyroxine.

Q: Is she taking the 200ug of thyroxine first thing in the morning and one full hour before food?

This is required of it will not be absorbed.

Levothyroxine is T4. Some patients (and this is rare) also require T3 (liothyronine)

https://www.medicinenet.com/what_distinguishes_the_use_-_cytomel_vs_synthroid/ask.htm